![]() Sleep extension is the tendency for individuals toĬompensate for “lost” sleep by increasing their time in bed (e.g., going to bedĮarlier, sleeping in later, or napping). Notion that the most important perpetuating factor for chronic insomnia is To the process that some treatment manuals provide therapist/patient example Is at garnering patient “buy-in.” This aspect of learning CBT-I is so central The art of CBT-I pertains to how successful the therapist ![]() Therapist’s explanations and efforts to garner adherence to the prescriptiveĪspects of therapy. Therapy exercises (e.g., debunking dysfunctional beliefs and addressingĬatastrophization), SRT and SCT still include cognitive work via the Even in the absence of traditional cognitive SCT’s primary indication is to manage nocturnal wakefulness Homeostatic sleep drive (or the propensity to fall asleep) and to allow forĬonsolidated sleep. Most treatment protocols and published manuals deliver SRT and This intervention is typically comprised of two coreĬomponents: Sleep Restriction Therapy (SRT) and Stimulus Control Therapy (SCT) Īnd two adjunctive components: Sleep Hygiene (SH) and Cognitive Therapy (CT). Of treatment manuals that are currently available. Person or via telehealth on a weekly or bi-weekly schedule and can be delivered Each session typically has a specificĪgenda (e.g., evaluation, rationale, delivery of individual interventions,Īdherence management, relapse prevention, etc.). Treatment is delivered over the course of six to eight sessions (session length Targets difficulties with initiating and/or maintaining sleep. ĬBT-I is a multi-component treatment for insomnia that Refer to a prior review and meta-analysis. Information related to behavioral interventions for pediatric insomnia, please Paper focuses on the application of CBT-I in adult populations. Please note that while sleep problemsĪnd symptoms of insomnia are common in children and adolescents, the present Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I), it is these perpetuating factors that are the Insomnia over time (e.g., going to bed earlier to compensate for sleep loss, This is thought to be the case because other factors serve to perpetuate Maintained long after the life stressor or precipitating event has resolved. One noteworthy aspect of this model is that insomnia can be behaviors and cognitions that contribute to the transition from acute toĬhronic insomnia and maintain the disorder long term. (2) precipitating factors - situational conditions (e.g., stressful lifeĮvents) that trigger the onset of insomnia and (3) perpetuating factors Insomnia: (1) predisposing factors - traits or conditions (e.g., highĮmotional reactivity) that increase one’s vulnerability to developing insomnia DOI: 10.17759/cpse.2022110208.Īccording to the three-factor (3P) model of insomnia, thereĪre three primary factors that contribute to the development of chronic Klinicheskaia i spetsial'naia psikhologiia = Clinical Psychology and Special Education, 2022. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I): A Primer. * Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Ivan Vargas, 310 Memorial Hall, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville AR, 72701, e-mail: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia, insomnia, sleep restriction, cognitive therapyįor citation: Walker J., Muench A., Perlis M.L., Vargas I. ![]() A session-by-session outline is also provided. Core components of CBT-I (i.e., Sleep Restriction Therapy, Stimulus Control Therapy, Sleep Hygiene, and Cognitive Therapy), relapse prevention strategies, multicultural considerations, adjuvants to traditional interventions, treatment adherence issues, efficacy, and further training options are described. The primary goal of this article is to provide a primer or brief introduction to CBT-I that is intended to be accessible to all clinicians and researchers, including non-sleep experts. This is particularly surprising given its large evidence base and recent recommendation as the first line intervention for insomnia. Despite its prevalence and morbidity, the widespread dissemination of CBT-I is not commensurate with insomnia’s overall public health impact. Chronic insomnia is the most prevalent sleep disorder, occurring in approximately 6–10% of the population, and is a risk factor for multiple medical and psychiatric disorders. The primary focus of CBT-I is to address the perpetuating factors (according to the three-factor model of insomnia) that contribute to the development of chronic insomnia. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) is a multi-component treatment for insomnia that targets difficulties with initiating and/or maintaining sleep and is delivered over the course of six to eight sessions. ![]()
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